Chronic life stress, such as the stress of caregiving, can promote pathophysiology, but the underlying cellular mechanisms are not well understood. Chronic stress may induce recalibrations in mitochondria leading to changes either in mitochondrial content per cell, or in mitochondrial functional capacity (i.e., quality). Here we present a functional index
Meet Emily and Paul: The parents of two young children, Emily is the newly promoted VP of marketing at a large corporation while Paul works from home or from clients’ offices as an independent IT consultant. Their lives, like all of ours, are filled with
A cognitive distortion is an exaggerated or irrational thought pattern involved in the onset and perpetuation of psychopathological states, especially those more influenced by psychosocial factors, such as depression and anxiety. Psychiatrist Aaron T. Beck laid the groundwork for the study of these distortions, and his student David D. Burns continued research on the topic. Burns,
Treatment of mitochondrial disease is still in its infancy. Aside from symptom-based management, treatment of mitochon-drial disease focuses on maintaining optimal health, using preventive measures to mitigate symptom worsening during times of physiologic stress (such as infection, dehydration, or surgery), and avoiding mitochondrial toxins. Scientific
The purpose of this review is to describe the current understanding of variations in mtDNA or nuclear DNA that impact on mitochondrial-related gene expression reported in schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BPD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). Recent findings of mitochondrial abnormalities in brains from subjects
The inositol depletion hypothesis, introduced by Berridge et al., suggested that the mood-stabilizing effect of the drug is mediated by its inhibitory effect on several enzymes in the phosphatidylinositol (PI) cycle, mainly an uncompetitive inhibition of inositol monophosphatase (IMPase). Berridge et al. proposed that inhibition of
Everyone knows that high IQ is no guarantee of success, happiness, or virtue, but until Emotional Intelligence, we could only guess why. Daniel Goleman’s brilliant report from the frontiers of psychology and neuroscience offers startling new insight into our “two minds”—the rational and the emotional—and how they
Curcumin is a compound found within the spice turmeric, which is made by grinding the root of a turmeric plant. Ground turmeric has been used as an anti-inflammatory in Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine for centuries, and Western clinical research has begun to support the value
In the course of human evolutionary history, the auditory faculty evolved to process some set of constant features in nature, which make up the core grammar of auditory perception. These are the bite-sized pieces of sound information that the brain has evolved to process and